Exploring John Locke’s Philosophy: Foundations of Liberalism and Human Rights

Introduction John Locke (1632-1704), an English philosopher and physician, is often regarded as one of the foundational figures in the development of liberal political philosophy and the modern conception of human rights. This paper aims to explore Locke’s philosophy, particularly his ideas about natural rights, the social contract, and government legitimacy, which have significantly influenced liberal thought and human rights discourse. By examining Locke’s seminal works, including “Two Treatises of Government,” this report will elucidate how his ideas laid the groundwork for contemporary understandings of individual liberty, equality, and the role of government in protecting human rights.

Main Body Locke’s philosophy is primarily rooted in the belief in natural rights, which he defines as inherent rights granted to individuals simply by virtue of their humanity. He articulates that these rights include life, liberty, and property. Locke argues that individuals are born free and equal, and it is the government’s responsibility to protect these fundamental rights. T