Understanding ‘Needs’ (ニーズ): A Comprehensive Analysis of Human Requirements and Desires

Introduction The concept of “needs” (ニーズ) encompasses a complex interplay of human requirements and desires that significantly influence behavior, decision-making, and overall well-being. This paper aims to explore the various dimensions of human needs, drawing on psychological, sociological, and economic perspectives. By analyzing the classification of needs, their evolution over time, and their role in shaping human behavior, this report intends to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these needs impact individual and societal outcomes.

Main Body At the core of the study of human needs is the distinction between “needs” and “wants.” Needs are often defined as essential requirements for survival and well-being, such as food, shelter, and safety. In contrast, wants are shaped by culture, personal preferences, and social influences, and can vary significantly across different contexts. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, human requirements can be organized into a p